Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-05-17 Origin: Site
After the new coronavirus invades the human body, the protein carried by the virus itself has antigenic activity, which will stimulate the antibodies produced by human immune cells to resist the virus, firstly antibody immunoglobulin M (IgM), then antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG). Immunoassay technology can detect whether there are proteins (antigens) carried by viruses and antibodies produced due to virus invasion in the human body.
Here is the content list:
l Antigen test
l Antibody and Antigen Detection Kits
The Antigen test is based on the immune reaction between antibodies and the protein carried by the virus in the sample and can judge COVID-19 by performing immunological analysis on the sampling of the infection site.
The key to detection is to prepare antibodies suitable for antigen detection, including monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies. Most antibodies must be obtained by immunizing animals to generate an immune response, and the preparation process is relatively cumbersome and time-consuming.
The new coronavirus is a single positive-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. Like other coronaviruses, SARS-COV-2 contains nucleocapsid protein, spike glycoprotein, envelope protein, and membrane protein. The S protein is the key for the virus to invade human cells through the receptor binding on the S protein.
The binding domain (RBD) specifically binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) of host cells, thereby mediating viral entry into host cells. Variants of ACE2 were recombined with human immunoglobulin G, and the resulting fusion protein could bind to SARS-COV-2.
SARS-COV-2 has relatively high homology with the receptor-binding domain on the S protein of SARS-COV. Some studies have found that the anti-SARs-COV human monoclonal antibody CR3022 can effectively bind to SARS-COV-2. Can be combined with SARs. The protein that COV-2 binds effectively has the potential to be used in the Antigen test, which is of great significance for the preparation of specific antibodies. In addition, the nucleocapsid protein (NPS) of sARS-COV-2 shares a very high homology among all seven coronaviruses. Through the reported NP sequences, corresponding monoclonal clones were prepared using mouse and New Zealand rabbit. Antibodies and polyclonal antibodies for the Antigen test for SARS-COV-2.
Many companies have successively launched SARS COV-2 Antigen test kits based on immunological analysis. The use of the kits can make the detection process simpler, faster, and more standardized. Antigen and antibody detection kits include IgG antibody detection kits, IgM antibody detection kits, IgG/IgM combined antibody detection kits and Antigen test kits.
The detection of IgM and IgG helps to judge the stage of virus infection. The study found that measuring the total amount of IgG and IgM antibodies has a higher positive rate than measuring single antibodies alone, which reduces the probability of false negatives during the detection process. IgM and IgG detection can show different stages of virus infection. The Antigen test kit directly detects the viral protein at the infection site.
The detection results of various types of kits can provide effective information at different stages. As of March 31, 2020, the China National Medical Products Administration has urgently approved 25 new coronavirus detection reagent products, including 8 antibody detection kits.
The above is the relevant content about the Antigen tests and Antigen test kits for immunoassay. If you are interested in the Antigen test, you can contact us. Our website is www.bioteke.cn.
